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The SCO Tianjin Summit: Unity in Pageantry, Division in Practice?

The SCO summit showcased economic cooperation exceeding $500 billion in trade and introduced a development bank to reduce dependence on Western financial systems.

  • Last week in Tianjin, China hosted the 2025 SCO summit with over 20 leaders including Narendra Modi and Vladimir Putin; the event unveiled the SCO Development Bank and China pledged $280 million aid plus 10 billion yuan loans.
  • Formed in 2001, the SCO now includes India, Pakistan, Iran, and Belarus, covering 60 of Eurasia and nearly 44 percent of the global population, to counter U.S. influence.
  • Despite summit optics, China and Russia continue to dominate agenda-setting, while trade between China and SCO members surpassed $500 billion amid ongoing mistrust involving India, Pakistan, and Central Asian states.
  • Russia used the summit to blunt isolation and briefed partners on its Special Military Operation, while Iran and Belarus leveraged SCO membership to counter marginalization and Central Asian states sought insurance against great‑power rivalry.
  • Yet fundamental questions—about multilateralism and Sino-Russian dominance—remain unresolved as the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation must show independence and reassure members their ties with Western capitals remain intact.
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southasiamonitor.org broke the news in on Monday, September 8, 2025.
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