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Lactose intolerance is actually the human norm – but racism, the US government and business interests have made it into a condition
Researchers and dairy producers helped frame lactose digestion as abnormal, even though nearly two-thirds of people worldwide are lactose intolerant, the article says.
In the 1960s, American dairy producers and scientists framed lactose intolerance as an "inborn error of metabolism" to address postwar milk surpluses, though experts later recognized it as a normal physiological state.
During the 20th century, nutritional imperialism promoted milk-rich, Western diets as superior; in 1959, Japan's nutrition bureau declared "rice-eating peoples" were "resigned and passive."
A 1966 study in Baltimore mislabeled digestive differences in Black prisoners as genetic mutations; by 1981, a National Institutes of Health official clarified that lactose intolerance is "a normal physiological condition."
White supremacists have embraced lactose tolerance as a "distinguishing debility" of nonwhite people, using maps from the journal Nature to reinforce racial hierarchies on social media.
The Chinese Nutrition Society featured milk in its 2022 Food Guide Plate, ignoring evidence that the vast majority of Han Chinese are lactose intolerant and perpetuating Western dietary norms.