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Jupiter was formerly twice its current size and had a much stronger magnetic field, study says

SOLAR SYSTEM, MAY 20 – Researchers determined early Jupiter was large enough to contain over 2,000 Earths and had a magnetic field 50 times stronger, influencing the solar system's early formation.

  • About 3.8 million years following the formation of the Solar System's earliest solid materials, researchers Konstantin Batygin and Fred Adams determined that Jupiter was approximately twice its present size and possessed a magnetic field far stronger than it has today.
  • They analyzed the orbits of Jupiter's moons Amalthea and Thebe to calculate the planet's original radius and magnetic field, which revealed these early physical states.
  • The study showed Jupiter's radius was between 2 and 2.5 times larger than today, with a magnetic field about 50 times more intense, supporting a rapid early growth phase.
  • Batygin noted that their findings provide an important reference point, enabling a more accurate reconstruction of the developmental history of Jupiter and the broader Solar System.
  • This research clarifies Jupiter's primordial state and aids understanding of the Solar System's formation, indicating Jupiter's early conditions influenced planetary development and stability.
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American researchers used two small moons of Jupiter to calculate what the gas giant looked like 4.5 billion years ago.

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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Tuesday, May 20, 2025.
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