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Traces of Blue Indigo on 34,000-Year-Old Grinding Tools Suggest New Paleolithic Plant Use Scenarios

Summary by Phys.org
An international research team coordinated by Ca' Foscari University of Venice has identified the presence of indigotin—a blue dye compound—on stone pebbles dating back to the Upper Paleolithic. This molecule, derived from the leaves of Isatis tinctoria L., a biennial plant in the Brassicaceae family native to the Caucasus and commonly known as woad, was found on ground stone tools.

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Indigo traces, a blue colouring compound of vegetable origin, have been identified in polished stone tools of the Upper Paleolithic found in the Caucasus. ...

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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Tuesday, September 2, 2025.
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