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Increasing AI use in Canadian courtrooms carries risk of errors, penalties: lawyers

On Dec. 31, 2025, The Canadian Press reported Canadian courts, tribunals and boards are confronting AI in filings, with some, including the Federal Court, requiring disclosure of generative model use.
Because many people rely on AI to draft filings, self-represented litigants and users sometimes submit AI material without review, causing delays and errors especially with open-source AI tools.
In one notable case earlier this year, a Toronto lawyer is facing a criminal contempt proceeding for including invented ChatGPT cases, while Ksenia Tchern McCallum said clients recently submitted five or six pages of AI-written material for review.
A Quebec court imposed a $5,000 sanction on a man, and Alberta’s top court ordered $500 costs against a woman, warning users about AI’s financial and reputational risks.
Experts recommend that lawyers review and correct AI output, emphasizing the importance of compliance with professional rules, as Nainesh Kotak warned that law firms will need AI to stay competitive.

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