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Increasing AI use in Canadian courtrooms carries risk of errors, penalties: lawyers

Courts across Canada report errors and sanctions from AI-generated filings, with penalties up to $5,000 and warnings of harsher consequences for undisclosed use, officials said.

  • On Dec. 31, 2025, The Canadian Press reported that Canadian courts, tribunals and boards have received AI-generated materials from ChatGPT, prompting the Federal Court and others to require disclosure due to risks of hallucinations.
  • Because many free tools are less reliable, Ron Shulman, Toronto family lawyer, warns that open-source AI tools increase risks of hallucination, while paid AI programs behind paywalls offer more accuracy.
  • Court records show a Toronto lawyer is facing criminal contempt after including cases allegedly invented by ChatGPT earlier this year and denying it, then later admitting misrepresentation out of `fear of the potential consequences and sheer embarrassment`.
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Winnipeg Free PressWinnipeg Free Press
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Increasing AI use in Canadian courtrooms carries risk of errors, penalties: lawyers

Breaking News, Sports, Manitoba, Canada

·Winnipeg, Canada
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Winnipeg Free Press broke the news in Winnipeg, Canada on Wednesday, December 31, 2025.
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