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Reuters: How Europe’s intensifying marine heatwaves threaten its fisheries
Marine heatwaves have pushed average sea temperatures to 21.6 C and driven octopus booms, kelp loss and shellfish declines, researchers said.
European seas recorded their hottest summer in 45 years this year, with marine heatwaves threatening fisheries and coastal communities as warming waters reshape marine ecosystems.
Since 2022, the English Channel has logged more than 900 heatwave days, while the Bay of Biscay averaged 21.4 degrees Celsius, more than 2.4 degrees above the historic average.
Octopus landings have surged to more than 3,000 tonnes this year compared to less than 30 tonnes before 2025, displacing native lobsters and scallops that support small-scale fisheries.
The MBA estimates the octopus bloom could account for about 10 million pounds in lost shellfish catches, contributing to four vessel closures from the South Devon and Channel Shellfishermen cooperative in the past year.
Manuel Angel Reiriz Gonzalez, president of a local fishermen's guild in Galicia, is working with scientists to restore kelp forests by planting laboratory-grown seedlings to combat the ecological transformation.
As Europe suffered from a heatwave and forest fires this summer, scientists say the thermometers are not just rising on the coasts. According to the latest data, this year's highest temperature on record has also been recorded in the waters of the Old Continent. This situation is a challenge for marine ecosystems and the fishing industry, which is already seeing certain species disappear.