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How long can a Thanksgiving buffet sit out? A doctor explains

Leana Wen highlights key steps like the two-hour rule and proper cooking temperatures to reduce foodborne illness risks during holiday meals, affecting vulnerable groups.

  • Leana Wen, emergency physician and GWU clinical associate professor, outlined Thanksgiving food-safety guidance on thawing, cooking, and storing as nearly 82 million Americans travel.
  • Because bacteria and viruses multiply between 40 degrees Fahrenheit and 140 degrees Fahrenheit, perishable food enters a danger zone where pathogens, including norovirus, multiply rapidly.
  • Wen recommends three safe turkey thawing methods: refrigerator, cold-water submersion in a leak-proof bag with water changed every 30 minutes, and microwave followed by immediate cooking; use an internal meat thermometer to confirm 165°F for poultry and 145°F for fish.
  • Vulnerable groups face higher risk and some illnesses can be severe, as many recover within 24 hours but cooked leftovers last three to four days refrigerated or three to four months frozen.
  • The two-hour rule states that perishable food should not sit at room temperature for more than two hours, unless kept above 140°F or below 40°F, in which case refrigeration is needed within two hours, Wen advised.
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CBS58 broke the news in Milwaukee, United States on Tuesday, November 25, 2025.
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