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In-Utero Repair of Severe Spina Bifida With Stem Cells Shows Promise

Six fetuses with spina bifida received placenta-derived stem cells during prenatal surgery with no cell-related adverse events, all showing reversal of brain herniation at birth.

  • Yesterday, The Lancet published initial CuRe phase 1 results showing the placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells appeared safe in six fetal surgeries at UC Davis, with no adverse events at birth.
  • Driven by the 'two‑hit' hypothesis, researchers tested placenta‑derived mesenchymal stem cells because standard prenatal myelomeningocele repair prevents further damage but cannot reverse existing injury, and preclinical studies showed PMSCs have neuroprotective effects.
  • Applying the graft during standard open fetal surgery, surgeons used a single dose of the PMSC‑ECM product seeded at 300,000 cells per cm2 from donated placentas tested 72 h before surgery between June 21, 2021 and Dec 5, 2022 at ~24–26 weeks gestation.
  • Clinical outcomes showed postnatal MRI reversal of hindbrain herniation in every infant, no CSF shunting was needed, and the phase 1/2a trial enrolling 35 patients began with planned monitoring until age six.
  • The investigators caution that the trial was not powered for efficacy and included six White non‑Hispanic participants, while phase 1/2a expansion and long‑term follow‑up plans are underway.
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A clinical trial conducted in the United States shows the feasibility and lack of toxicity of this dual procedure. A French study evaluating a similar strategy is expected to begin by the end of 2026.

·Paris, France
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Science broke the news in on Thursday, February 26, 2026.
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