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Fires raged for thousands of years during ancient global warming
Researchers said fern-dominated landscapes helped sustain repeated fires for up to 300,000 years during the extinction interval.
Fires raged across Europe for thousands of years during "extreme global warming" 201 million years ago, according to new research published in Nature Geoscience.
The Triassic-Jurassic extinction wiped out three-quarters of all marine and terrestrial species when volcanic activity from the "supercontinent" Pangea's break-up released carbon dioxide, causing temperatures to rise 5 to 10 degrees Celsius.
Study senior author Bas van de Schootbrugge from Utrecht University in the Netherlands developed a Palynomorph Darkness Index to measure fossil pollen colors, generating 15,000 measurements revealing a "Dark Zone" of intense wildfires.
Ferns emerged as "true disaster species" that spread rapidly across disturbed landscapes and regrew from underground root systems after burning, with dried fern mats providing ideal fuel for massive wildfires.
The fern spike interval lasted 40,000 to 300,000 years, prompting scientists to warn that combining climate change, deforestation and opportunistic species creates a "perfect storm" of ecological destruction.