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Fires raged for thousands of years during ancient global warming

Researchers said fern-dominated landscapes helped sustain repeated fires for up to 300,000 years during the extinction interval.

  • Fires raged across Europe for thousands of years during "extreme global warming" 201 million years ago, according to new research published in Nature Geoscience.
  • The Triassic-Jurassic extinction wiped out three-quarters of all marine and terrestrial species when volcanic activity from the "supercontinent" Pangea's break-up released carbon dioxide, causing temperatures to rise 5 to 10 degrees Celsius.
  • Study senior author Bas van de Schootbrugge from Utrecht University in the Netherlands developed a Palynomorph Darkness Index to measure fossil pollen colors, generating 15,000 measurements revealing a "Dark Zone" of intense wildfires.
  • Ferns emerged as "true disaster species" that spread rapidly across disturbed landscapes and regrew from underground root systems after burning, with dried fern mats providing ideal fuel for massive wildfires.
  • The fern spike interval lasted 40,000 to 300,000 years, prompting scientists to warn that combining climate change, deforestation and opportunistic species creates a "perfect storm" of ecological destruction.
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Fires raged for thousands of years during ancient global warming

The mass extinction was linked to volcanic activity that resulted from the break-up of the "supercontinent" Pangea.

·Washington, United States
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Phys.org broke the news in Douglas, United Kingdom on Tuesday, July 21, 2026.
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