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Full Value Added Tax on Meat: A First Step Towards Pricing the Environmental Damages Caused by Diets

Researchers propose increasing value-added tax on meat to reflect environmental costs, potentially reducing food-related emissions by up to 5.7%, while compensating EU households.

  • Potsdam Institute for Climate Research researchers propose targeting value-added tax on meat to internalise environmental costs through CO2-based price differences.
  • Global data show food and agriculture account for about one-third of greenhouse gas emissions, with beef and lamb especially carbon-intensive and a 100g beef serving equating to 78.7 km driving .
  • Researchers estimated a per-tonne CO2e surcharge could match the emissions reductions of removing reduced VAT on meat, with a consistent €15 per tonne of CO2e achieving similar effects.
  • Researchers calculated that removing reduced VAT on meat would raise EU household food costs by about €19, offset by €83 in revenues, reducing net costs to €26 or as low as €12 with social compensation.
  • Implementation is complicated because 22 of 27 EU member states apply reduced VAT on meat, and the EU lacks a concrete plan despite potential 15 per cent emissions cuts.
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Tax change with effect: A higher value added tax on meat could significantly relieve the climate and the environment – with only a small annual additional cost per household.

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ecotopical.com broke the news in on Tuesday, January 20, 2026.
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