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Early humans may have walked from Turkey to mainland Europe, research suggests

Nearly 140 Paleolithic tools found along Turkey's Aegean coast suggest a land bridge enabled early human migration between Anatolia and Europe during the Ice Age.

  • An archaeological survey in June 2022 discovered 138 Stone Age artifacts across 10 sites in Ayvalık, on Turkey's northeastern Aegean coast.
  • This finding builds on knowledge that during the Pleistocene epoch, water levels receded by about 330 feet, revealing a land connection between Anatolia and Europe.
  • The artifacts, including Levallois tools, handaxes, and cleavers, provide evidence of early human presence and suggest the area was part of a technological tradition spanning Africa, Asia, and Europe.
  • Dr. Goknur Karahan highlighted that these sizable stone implements are key examples of Paleolithic artifacts, while Professor Kadriye Özçelik emphasized that Ayvalık represents an important and previously unrecognized area for understanding the course of human evolutionary history.
  • These findings suggest that Ayvalık was inhabited by early humans over an extended period and could reshape current theories about initial human migration pathways into Europe through the Aegean region.
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Phys.org broke the news in United Kingdom on Thursday, September 18, 2025.
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