Catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation (AF) did not significantly improve AF-related quality of life compared with a sham procedure, despite reducing AF recurrence. These were the main findings of the PVI-SHAM-AF trial presented in a Hot Line session at ESC Congress 2026 and published simultaneously in The Lancet.
In the largest study to date in the field, researchers did not see any significant improvement in quality of life in patients with atrial fibrillation after they received catheter ablation compared to a sham procedure. But a Swedish expert wants to interpret the results cautiously.