Between the 8th and 6th centuries BC, the Greek world underwent a massive expansion known as the apoikia (away-home). Driven by land hunger, population pressure, and a desire for new "Old Style" trade routes, thousands of Greeks left their mother cities (metropoleis) to establish new independent states. The most successful of these ventures was the settlement of Southern Italy and Sicily, a region so densely populated by Greeks that the Romans l…
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