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An underground detector in China unveils its first major findings about mysterious ghost particles
The detector logged two months of data and produced some of the most precise measurements yet of neutrino flavor changes, researchers said.
On Wednesday, China's Jiangmen Underground Neutrino Observatory released its first major findings in the journal Nature, unveiling the most precise measurements to date of how neutrinos switch between three varieties as they travel through space.
JUNO began operations in August with an ambitious goal: understanding neutrinos, tiny cosmic particles from the Big Bang that whiz through our bodies by the trillions every second, positioned 2,297 feet underground and examining antineutrinos from two nearby nuclear power plants.
Antineutrinos produce detectable flashes of light when colliding with detector particles; scientists believe two neutrino flavors are similar in weight while the third is an oddball, though uncertainty remains about whether two are heavier or lighter.
Study co-author Liangjian Wen emphasized the detector's capability to "test the finer ripples that separate the neutrino flavors and their masses," while physicist Kate Scholberg from Duke University said results inspire confidence in future breakthroughs.
Within the next decade, Japan's Hyper-Kamiokande and the Deep Underground Neutrino Experiment in the United States will begin data collection to cross-check JUNO's results using different approaches, positioning the global detector network to resolve the longstanding mystery of neutrino mass hierarchy.