Besides water, cement is used more than any other material on Earth. Its manufacture begins by combining limestone with ingredients such as shale, clay, or sand. This mixture is ground into a powder, heated to 1,400 degrees Celsius, cooled, blended with additives, then further pulverized to become cement. This is a carbon-intensive process, representing roughly 8% of all CO2 emissions worldwide. Yet reducing these emissions at a reasonable cost …
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