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What really holds China and Russia together
The trip underscores a partnership driven by trade, sanctions and shared opposition to a US-led world order, analysts said.
Russian President Vladimir Putin returns to Beijing this week, marking the 25th anniversary of the Treaty of Good-Neighbourliness and Friendly Cooperation between Russia and China. Unlike President Donald Trump's elaborate visit last week with gold tableware and temple tours, Putin's trip remains notably low-key.
Western sanctions have pushed Moscow toward deeper trade engagement with Beijing over recent years. Tech giant Huawei, forced out of British 5G networks by Western review, capitalized on absent competitors to become a central pillar of Russia's telecommunications industry.
Russia comprises just 4% of China's international trade, yet analysts stress "Russia is fully in China's pocket, and China can dictate the terms." Gazprom and the China National Petroleum Corporation reportedly signed a preliminary deal for the Power of Siberia 2 pipeline via Mongolia.
Both nations share a 4,300km border and opposition to the US-led world order. Unlike Western nations that sanction based on values, Russia and China do not pass judgment on each other's actions, reinforcing partnership resilience.
Describing their ties as a "friendship with no limits," Putin and Xi Jinping have remained in power for a combined 39 years with no signs of stepping down. Their flexible strategic partnership defies Western predictions of collapse, anchored in shared interests rather than formal alliance.