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Some of the most popular graduate degrees don’t pay off financially, study finds

The report says average graduate earnings rise 17%, but returns range from negative 8% in psychology to 173% for M.D. programs after costs.

  • Researchers at the Postsecondary Education and Economics Research Center at American University found graduate school increases lifetime earnings by 17 percent on average, though returns vary significantly by field.
  • Graduate enrollment among midcareer adults has surged, with the share of Students aged 35 to 39 holding advanced degrees rising from 31 percent to 41 percent, underscoring the need for quantitative data.
  • Data shows Pharm programs see a 114 percent earnings boost and other Professional degrees offer a 173 percent average net increase, while fields like Clinical psychology yield negative returns after costs.
  • Transparency in metrics is vital for accountability, as Students choosing between related fields face a 10 percent versus 21 percent return difference, requiring advisers to look beyond raw salary data.
  • Co-Author Zhengren Zhu of Vassar College and Joseph Altonji of Yale University note that high postgraduate earnings do not guarantee high returns, describing returns for Engineering as "Moderate.
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The Washington Post broke the news in on Tuesday, March 31, 2026.
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