Mauritania qualified to become a kingdom/rivaldom of Abd al-Rahman.

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Mauritania qualified to become a kingdom/rivaldom of Abd al-Rahman.

Our systems depend on the survival of tribes, and elections are merely a measure of the size and location of those tribes, and they are essentially the result of appointments at the various levels of government. And the loss or absence of a citizen's awareness, a citizen's understanding of civic life, a citizen's meaningful and meaningful involvement in political, social and communal activities of parties, organizations, governance, associations…