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Mercury may have shrunk much more than we thought, new study hints
New analysis says hidden crater debris may have masked 10% to 30% of Mercury’s contraction, suggesting a larger core and hotter past.
On Thursday, researchers published a study in Geophysical Research Letters suggesting Mercury has contracted 10% to 30% more than previous models indicated, with impact-crater debris obscuring evidence of this significant shrinkage.
Lead author Gaku Nishiyama, a planetary scientist at the German Aerospace Center, explained that geologically young impact debris masked the planet's shortening structures, which formed as Mercury cooled over roughly 4.5 billion years.
The new estimate equates to a total diameter loss of roughly 12 miles since formation, exceeding the 2013 conference finding of about 11 kilometers shrinkage.
Data from the European Space Agency's BepiColombo spacecraft, which recently began its arrival sequence, will capture higher-resolution imagery to measure topography and contraction with unprecedented precision.
"If their results hold, and I'm confident they will, then we'll have taken a step further in investigating planets we can't yet visit in person," said Paul Byrne, a planetary scientist at Washington University in St. Louis.