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How America ran up its debt, and who should be blamed
The nonpartisan foundation’s signs argue that federal spending and recent tax cuts have fueled the debt, while experts debate who bears responsibility.
Rising federal fiscal imbalances stem primarily from increased costs in mandatory spending programs and enacted tax cuts, according to the Mercatus Center at George Mason University.
Spending growth in Medicare, Medicaid, Affordable Care Act subsidies, and Social Security creates nearly three-quarters of the imbalance, with Charles Blahous, Mercatus Center senior research strategist, noting these costs have expanded since the 1960s.
Legislation like the 'One Big Beautiful Bill' accounts for roughly 30% of the deficit, compounding pressure from mandatory spending increases enacted over recent decades.
Both political parties bear responsibility, as administrations from Ford to the present have added to the fiscal imbalance and neither has consistently restrained spending or offset tax cuts.
The Peter G. Peterson Foundation emphasizes that without moderating spending on major programs and stopping tax cuts, federal debt will continue rising unaddressed.