Colombia takes regional lead in Indigenous self-government, raising hopes for Amazon protection
- Colombia formalized Indigenous local governments across the Amazon on May 5, 2025, granting self-governing authority beyond land titles.
- This decision follows decades of Indigenous groups in Putumayo seeking legal recognition amid ongoing conflict and slow progress on territorial claims.
- Putumayo hosts 12 recognized Indigenous groups totaling about 51,700 people who manage ancestral territories with approximately 350 Indigenous guards protecting their lands and communities.
- Mayu Velasco Anderson highlighted that Colombia is now at the forefront of acknowledging Indigenous peoples' rights, extending beyond territorial claims to include their cultural identity, self-governance, and authority over their own development, marking a significant advancement in the region.
- The framework boosts Indigenous autonomy and forest protections, raising hopes other Latin American countries will follow Colombia's example to strengthen Indigenous governance.
17 Articles
17 Articles

Colombia takes regional lead in Indigenous self-government, raising hopes for Amazon protection
Colombia has taken a major step in Indigenous rights by formally recognizing Indigenous councils as local governments across parts of the Amazon.
Colombia Sets Precedent for Indigenous Self-Government in the Amazon
Colombia this week took a leading position in Latin America for Indigenous Indigenous self-government and forest protection by formalizing Indigenous local governments across swaths of the Amazon, raising hopes that other countries in the region will follow its lead. Activists say Monday’s decision gives Indigenous communities not just land titles, but actual self-governing authority — complete with public budgets and administrative power. The p…
Excerpt: “Inside the Indigenous ‘land back’ movement in Colombia” by Lital Khaikin, Waging Nonviolence - Peace Brigades International-Canada
Photo: Siona leader Mario Erazo Yaiguaje and Amazon Frontlines lawyer Lina Maria Espinosa during a community assembly. Photo by Amazon Frontlines. Montreal-based journalist Lital Khaikin writes about the Indigenous ‘land back’ movement in Colombia in Waging Nonviolence. Khaikin begins her article by setting this crucial context: “Colombia’s 2016 peace agreement with the Revolutionary Armed Forces
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