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Nearly 1 in 5 Gray Whales Entering San Francisco Bay Die There, Study Finds
Researchers matched 21 photo-identified whales to carcasses and found vessel strikes caused many deaths, underscoring pressure on a population already in decline.
- Researchers reported Monday, April 13, 2026, in Frontiers in Marine Science that nearly 1 in 5 gray whales entering San Francisco Bay die there, highlighting significant risks along their 16,000-kilometer migration route.
- Gray whales migrate between the Arctic and Mexico annually, but since 2018 hungry whales began stopping in the bay to feed as Arctic conditions worsened, coinciding with population declines and increased die-offs in recent years.
- Sonoma State University whale biologist Josephine Slaathaug identified 114 whales visiting the bay between 2018 and 2025 using 100,000 photos; of 70 documented carcasses, 30 deaths were caused by vessel strikes, though scientists believe this underestimates the toll.
- A 42-foot adult female gray whale was found dead near the Golden Gate Bridge on Tuesday, with a necropsy performed at Angel Island on Wednesday indicating injuries consistent with a suspected vessel strike.
- The Marine Mammal Center reported this as the first death in the Bay Area this year, with the population now at 12,900, the lowest since the 1970s. Marine ecologist Joshua Stewart warned desperate whales face a "high chance of not making it back out.
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Of gray whales that enter San Francisco Bay, nearly 18% die there, scientists find
Gray whales migrate from Arctic waters full of food to the lagoons of Baja Mexico—but as the climate crisis gathers pace, they have been sighted foraging in unexpected places. Recently, some have begun to explore the dangerously busy waters of San Francisco Bay. Scientists at the Marine Mammal Center and the California Academy of Sciences investigating an unexpectedly high death toll among gray whales have found that almost 20% of individuals se…
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