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Spain opens doors to descendants of Franco-era exiles

The 2022 law enables descendants of those who fled Franco's regime to reclaim citizenship, with Argentina alone submitting about one million applications, officials said.

  • The General Council of Spanish Citizenship Abroad said Spain received 2.3 million applications under the 2022 law, which allows descendants to reclaim nationality lost for political reasons.
  • The 2022 law was introduced to address injustices from the 1936–39 civil war and Franco's dictatorship, covering descendants of emigrants who fled persecution.
  • Consulates recorded long lines before the October 22 deadline, with Argentina submitting about one million applications and Brazil, Cuba, Mexico, and Venezuela also contributing large numbers.
  • Violeta Alonso, head of the advisory body, warned processing 2.3 million applications could take up to four years and Spain's citizenry abroad could double, boosting Spain's domestic population of around 49 million.
  • Applicants said they sought citizenship for family ties, like Juan Pablo Ferreira in Argentina who wanted citizenship for his daughters and to stay connected to Galicia, while a Spanish passport offers visa-free access to 187 countries, Henley Passport Index reported.
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Spain opens doors to descendants of Franco-era exiles

Spain has received a surge of citizenship applications from descendants of emigrants who fled the country's 1930s civil war and Francisco Franco's dictatorship under a scheme aimed at addressing historical injustices.

·Missoula, United States
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rtl.lu broke the news in Luxembourg City, Luxembourg on Friday, December 12, 2025.
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